WITH EFFECT FROM THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2011 - 2012

CE 253

FLUID MECHANICS - I                                              

Instruction                                                            4     Periods per week

Duration of University Examination                    3     Hours

University Examination                                        75   Marks

Sessional                                                               25   Marks

UNIT-I

Fluid Properties and Kinematics : Definition of fluid, properties of fluids, density, specific weight, specific volume, specific gravity, bulk modulus, vapor pressure, viscosity and surface tension. Newton's law of viscosity and appliations, Capillarity.

Fluid Statics : Pascal's hydrostatic law. Absolute and gaugage pressure. Forces on immersed bodies, Buoyancy.

Fluid Kinematics : Classification of fluid flow, steady, unsteady, uniform, nonuniform one two and three-dimensional flows. Concepts os streamline, steam tube, path line and steak line. Law of mass conservation. Continuity equation from control volume and velocity potential function. Significance and use of flownets.

UNIT - II

Fluid Dynamics : convective and local acceleration. Body forces and surface forces. Euler's equation of motion from control volume and system analysis.

Law of Energy Conservation : Bernoulli's equation from integration of Euler's equation. Significance of the Bernoulli's equation, limitations, modifications and application to real fluid flows.

Impulse Momentum Equation : Momentum correction factor. Application of the impulse momentum equation to evaluate forces on nozzles and bends. Pressure on curved surfaces. Vorted Flow; forced and free vortex.

UNIT-III

Measurement of Pressure : Piezometers and Manometers. Micromanometer. Bourdon Gauge. Transducers.

Measurement of Discharge in Pressure Conduits : Venturimeter, orifice meter and nozzle meter, elbow meter, and rotameter.

Measure of Discharge in Free Surface Flows : Notches and weirs, and partial flumes.

UNIT-IV

Compressible Flow : Compressibility of liquids and gases. Continuity equation,

Bernoulli's energy equation (for isothermal and adiabatic processes) and impulse momentum equation. Velocity of a pressure wave for adiabatic and isothermal processes. Mach Number and Mach cone, and its appliations. Stagnation pressure, density and temperature in adiabatic process.

UNIT-V

Flow through Pressure Conduits : Reynold's experiment and its significance. Upper and lower critical Reynold's Numbers. Critical velocity. Hydraulic gradient. Laminar flow through circular pipes. Hagen-Poiseuille equation. Characteristics of turbulent flow. Head loss in pipes. Darcy - Weishach equation. Fricition factor. Mody's diagram. Minor losses. Pipes in series and pipes in parallel.

Suggested Reading :

1. 1.K.L. Kumar, Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Eurasia Publishing House, 1997.

1. 2.R.K. Rajpur, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, S. Chand and Company, 2003.

1. 3.A.K. Jain, Fluid Mechanics, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 1993.

1. 4.P.N. Modi and S.M. Sethi, Hydraulic and Fluid Mechanics, Standard Book House, Delhi, 1995.

References :

1. 1Fluid Mechanics with Laboratory Manual, Bireswar Majumdar, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.

1. 2Engineering Fluid Mechanics, W.P. Graebel Taylor & Francis Publishers.

1. 3Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines,S.C.Gupta, Pearson Publishers.

1. 4Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Edward J. Shaughnessy, Jr., Ira, M. Katz and James P. Schaffer, Oxford Higher Education.

1. 5Principles of Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines, M. Narayana Pillai, University Press.

1. 6Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines, Dr. R. K. Bansal, Lakshmi Publications.

1. 7Engineering Fluid Mechanics, R. J. Garde, A. G. Mirajgoaker, SCITECH Publications.

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